Timeline 1751-1800 ....
 

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Robert Davidson born in Elkton, Maryland (1750) Carlisle, Pennsylvania laid out as a county seat (May)	1751	The first American hospital, the Pennsylvania Hospital, founded (May 11). Opened Feb 11, 1752 Johann Sebastian Bach died (July 28, 1750) William Cowper born (Nov. 15) Second Carnatic War, an undeclared war between the British East India Company and the French Compagnie des Indes continued Population of Europe around 140 million
	1752	Great Britain adopted the Gregorian calendar  - Sep.  3 to 13 were omitted  (Sep. 14) Year also standardized to end Dec 31 (previously Mar. 24), this made 1752 a very short year in UK.
	1753	The first steam engine imported into the Colonies, to New Jersey (Sep. 25) French troops from Canada seized the Ohio Valley British Museum granted royal charter
Columbia chartered as King's College (Jan. 4) John McKnight born in Carlisle (Oct. 1) General Braddock's summer defeat brought the hasty construction of Fort Lowther at Carlisle	1754	First bloodshed in that war at Uniontown, Pennsylvania (May 28) Fighting that developed into the French & Indian war began, British and Americans combating French, Canadians and Native Americans (May) First battle in the war at Fort Necessity, Pennsylvania (July 3)
First law instruction in the U.S. began at King's College	1755	Alexander Hamilton born (Jan. 11) John Marshall born (Sep. 24) Lisbon Earthquake killed 30,000 (Nov. 1) Samuel Johnson began his Dictionary Richard Shucksburgh wrote verses to "Yankee Doodle"
	1756	Mozart born in Salzburg, Austria (Jan. 27) Aaron Burr born in Newark, NJ (Feb. 6) The governor of Pennsylvania offered a bounty of 130 Spanish dollars for "the scalp of every male Indian enemy above the age of twelve years produced as evidence of their being killed." Britain declared war on France (May 16) "The Black Hole of Calcutta" (June 20) Frederick the Great led Prussia into Saxony, opening the Seven Years War (Aug. 27)
	1757	First public concert held in Philadelphia in the Assembly Rooms on Lodge Alley (Jan. 25) The British East India Company gained control of Bengal after Robert Clive won the Battle of Plassey (June 23) Russia joined the treaty of  Versailles which Austria and France had signed the year before; a Russian army attacked East Prussia (Aug.) The Marquis de Lafayette born (Sep. 6)
	1758	The French fortress of Louisbourg in Nova Scotia fell to the American and British attackers after a seven week siege (Summer); Fort Duquesne fell later and the tide in America turned to the British First state Indian reservation founded in New Jersey (August 29)
Thomas Cooper born in London	1759	British Museum opened to public (Jan. 15) Robert Burns born (Jan. 25) Halley's Comet returned, as predicted (Mar.) The Duke of Bridgewater began to build a seven and a half mile long canal between his mines and Manchester, thus lowering the cost of his coal and demonstrating to the rest of Britain the importance of canals; completed in 1761 Battle of Quebec ended French Canada (Sep. 13) Friedrich von Schiller born (Nov. 10)
Benjamin Rush graduated from Princeton	1760	Philip Embury, first Methodist clergyman in the United States, arrived in New York (Aug. 11) First Jewish prayer books were  printed in the American colonies (Oct. 23) Russians occupied and burned Berlin (Oct.) George III of Great Britain crowned (Oct.) Josiah Wedgewood opened his pottery business
	1761	First life insurance policy in the colonies was issued, in Philadelphia (May 22) First knighthood conferred in America, on Jeffery Amherst, Staten Island (Oct. 25) Empress Elizabeth of Russia died, Peter III  became ruler (Dec. 25)
	1762	Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, age 6, with sister Nannerl, age 12, gave his first public concert (Jan. 7) Peter III overthrown by his wife, Catherine the Great, and her supporters (June) ; Peter was strangled (July 17) Rousseau published his Social Contract
	1763	Peace of Paris  ended the Seven Years War and French and Indian War.  A Royal Proclamation renamed the colony of Canada as the province of Quebec, and also named Florida and Grenada as provinces (Feb. 10) Boswell met Johnson for the first time (May 16) Surveying for the Mason-Dixon line was completed (Nov. 15)
Brown University founded First Market House built in Carlisle	1764	Mozart, aged 8,  played for the French royal family (Jan. 4)  St Louis founded by French trader (Feb. 15) Sugar Act amended to tax American colonies London began practice of numbering houses
First medical school in America, at College of Philadelphia, founded, now University of Pennsylvania  (May 3) First brick courthouse built in Carlisle	1765	Stamp Act  passed (Mar. 8)  Liberty Tree was dedicated in Boston (Aug. 14) Stamp Act Congress in New York drew up declaration of rights (Oct.)
Queen's College chartered under the Dutch Reformed Church in New Brunswick, New Jersey (Nov. 10)	1766	The Stamp Act was repealed as unenforceable but right to tax retained (Mar. 18) First purpose built theater in America opened in Philadelphia (November 21) Oliver Goldsmith published The Vicar of Wakefield in London
	1767	Andrew Jackson born (Mar. 15) Burmese unsuccessfully invaded Siam and King Alaungpaya killed (Apr. - May) New York Assembly suspended for refusing to quarter troops (June) John Quincy Adams born (July 11) The Mason-Dixon line adopted, as drawn as two English surveyors, for borders of Pennsylvania and Maryland (Oct. 18)
	1768	John Dickinson's words "The Liberty Song" published in Boston Gazette - the first patriotic American song (July 18) Boston refused to quarter troops (Oct.) Royal Academy founded (Dec. 10) Encyclopedia Britannica began weekly issue
Dartmouth College chartered (Dec. 13)	1769	Duke of Wellington born (Apr. 24) Decision made in London to retain tea duty (May) Napoleon  born in Corsica (Aug. 15) Garrick organized first Shakespeare festival at Stratford-upon-Avon (Sep. 6)
John Mitchell Mason born New York City (Mar. 19)	1770	Boston Massacre, five died (Mar. 5) William Wordsworth born (Apr. 7) Cook discovered New South Wales (Apr. 28) Thomas Chatterton killed himself  (Aug. 25) Hegel was born in Stuttgart (Aug. 27) Ludwig von Beethoven born (Dec. 17) Handel's Messiah first performed in New York
	1771	Spain ceded Falkland Islands to UK (Jan. 22) Russia completed Crimean conquest (June 2) Thomas Gray died (July 30) Sir Richard Awkwright opened first spinning mill in Cromford
	1772	Judge Mansfield ruled that there was no legal basis for slavery in England (May 14) Poland partitioned first of three times (Aug. 5) New Jersey Legislature forbade the practice of medicine without a license (Sep. 26) Samuel Taylor Coleridge born (Oct. 21)
Thomas and John Penn granted land on which to erect a Grammar School (Mar. 3) Moravians built first schoolhouse located west of the Alleghenies in Schoenbrunn, Ohio (July 29) Jeremiah Atwater born New Haven, Connecticut (Dec. 27)	1773	Jeanne Baptiste Pointe de Sable founded what would become Chicago (Mar. 12) Klemens von Metternich born (May 15) Clement XIV dissolved the Jesuit Order (July 21) Boston colonists, dressed as Indians, dumped shiploads of tea into the harbor to protest taxation (Dec. 16)
Citizens of Carlisle passed a declaration of independence (July 12)	1774	British Law Lords ruled authors do not have perpetual copyright (Feb. 22) Coercive Acts passed in Parliament; Port of Boston closed (May 20) The Quebec Act was passed  re-establishing old boundaries of Canada, and allowing French law and the Catholic religion in Quebec, angering the Americans (June 22) Peace of Kutsjuk Kainardji ended the Russian Turkish War (July 21) Joseph Priestley isolated oxygen (Aug. 1) First Continental Congress decided that America would resist what they call the "Intolerable Acts" and sent a petition to the King  (Sep. 5)
	1775	In Philadelphia, Ben Franklin and Benjamin Rush formed the first abolition society,  called the "Society for the Relief of Free Negroes Unlawfully Held in Bondage" (Apr. 14) Paul Revere made his famous ride (Apr. 18) Battles of Lexington (Apr. 19) J. M. W. Turner born (Apr. 23) Second Continental Congress was held; George Washington appointed commander-in-chief  (May) Battle of  Bunker Hill (June 17) General Arnold's attack on Quebec failed (Dec.)
Harvard College awarded the first honorary Doctor of Laws degree - to George Washington (Apr. 3) Phi Beta Kappa was organized at College of William and Mary  (Dec. 5)	1776	Thomas Paine published his pamphlet "Common Sense" (Jan. 10) Adam Smith published Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations (Mar.) Thomas Hickey became the first person to be executed by the US army, he had plotted to deliver Washington to the enemy (June 27) The Declaration of Independence was voted on (July 4) and signed (Aug. 2) General Howe captured New York City (Sep. 14) San Francisco was founded (Sep. 17)
Roger Brooke Taney born (Mar. 17)	1777	Vermont abolished slavery (July 2) General Howe captured Philadelphia (Aug.) Gen. Burgoyne surrendered Saratoga (Oct. 17) The Continental Congress adopted the Articles of Confederation (Nov. 15) France recognized U.S. independence (Dec. 17) Washington's Army went to winter quarters at Valley Forge (Dec. 17)
	1778	Captain Cook discovered Hawaii (Jan. 18) France recognized the United States as a sovereign nation in Treaty of Amity (Feb. 6) Voltaire died in Paris (May 30) British peace offer rejected (June 28) Rousseau died (July 2) La Scala built in Milan; opened (Aug. 3)  Buffon published his Époques de la Nature
	1779	Captain Cook killed by Hawaiians natives (Feb. 14) American victory at Vincennes (Feb. 23) Spain declared war on Britain, four year siege of Gibralter began (June 23) First running of The Derby, at Epsom (May 4)
The American Academy of Arts and Sciences was founded in Boston (May 5) James Ross arrived in Carlisle from Philadelphia to teach at Grammar School	1780	William Blackstone died (Feb. 15) Anti-Catholic Gordon Riots in London (June 2-8) French regulars arrived in Rhode Island (July) First recorded lynching - named for William Lynch who terrorized British loyalists (Sep. 22) Benedict Arnold plot revealed (Sep. 23) Sebastian Cerezo invented "the bolero," in Spain.
Trustees of Grammar School decided to incorporate the school (Oct. 18) Construction of Grammar School began on Liberty Alley.	1781	Articles of Confederation ratified (Mar. 1) Hershel discovered planet Uranus (Mar. 13) Kant's Critique of Pure Reason published at Riga (July) Franciscans founded Los Angeles (Sep. 4) Surrender of Yorktown; all British land operations in America ceased (Oct. 19)
Construction of Grammar School completed.  Meeting on William Bingham's porch between John Montgomery and Benjamin Rush Carlisle, Pennsylvania was incorporated Washington College in Maryland was chartered	1782	British House of Commons voted against waging further war on America (Feb. 2) Dutch recognized US independence (Apr. 19) Governor Morris suggested decimalizing the American coinage, and Thomas Jefferson took up the idea based on the Spanish dollar Mozart's "Abduction from the Seraglio" premiered in Vienna (July 16) Peace talks over American War opened in Paris; preliminary peace articles signed (Nov. 30)
Charter for Dickinson College was approved by Pennsylvania state legislature (Sep. 9)	1783	Sweden recognized the US as a nation (Feb. 5) Siege of Gibraltar lifted (Feb. 7) Moltgolfier brothers flew air balloon  (June 5) Simon Bolivar born (July 24) Mozart's Mass in C Minor first performed in Salzburg (Aug. 23) The Treaty of Paris formalized independence and defined America's borders (Sep. 3) Last UK public hanging at Tyburn Hill (Nov. 6) Jean Francois Pilatre de Rozier and the Marquis Francois Laurant d'Arlandes made the first free flight in a balloon (Nov. 21) British evacuated New York (Nov. 25) William Pitt the Younger became British prime minister (Dec.)
University of Georgia chartered in Athens as oldest state university in US (Jan. 27) First meeting of the Dickinson College Board of Trustees in Carlisle (Apr. 6)	1784	Paris Peace Treaty ratified by Congress, ending the Revolutionary War (Jan. 14) John Wesley's Deed of Declaration published as charter of Methodism (Feb. 28) Russians settled Kodiak Island, Alaska (Sept. 22) Henry Cort's "puddling process" in iron-making went into production. First golf club founded at St. Andrews, Scotland
Charles Nisbet arrived in Carlisle (July 4) Trustees debated Benjamin Rush's "Plan of Education" (Aug. 11-15) Charles Nisbet resigned (Oct. 16)	1785	The English Channel first crossed in a hot air balloon (Jan. 6) Madison's Religious Freedom Act law (Jan.) In Britain, Joseph Bramah patented beer pump handles (May 9) David's The Oath of the Horatii completed
Belles Lettres Society established (Feb. 22) Charles Nisbet reinstated (May 10) State granted money and land to Dickinson College (500 pounds and 10,000 acres)	1786	Robert Burns first published his "Scottish dialect" poetry Mozart's "Marriage of Figaro" debuted (May 1) Frederick the Great died (Aug. 17) Davy Crockett born (Aug. 17) Shay's Rebellion in Massachusetts (Aug. 26)
First Commencement - nine graduates (Sep. 26) Dr.  Thomas Gaulladet born (Dec. 10)	1787	Convention in Philadelphia opened to draft a Constitution (May 25) The Northwest Ordinance created the Northwest Territory, an area to be free of slavery (July 13) The Constitutional Convention agreed to count three fifths of a state's slave population in apportioning representations; forbade Congress from ending the Atlantic slave trade until 1808; and required fugitive slaves to be returned to their owners. Turkey declares war on Russia (Aug. 10) Constitution signed, Federal system in place in the United States when ratified (Sep. 17); sent to states (Sep. 21) Mozart's opera Don Giovanni premiered in Prague (Oct. 29)
James McCormick began teaching Mathematics Charles Nisbet began series of lectures on Theology	1788	Lord Byron born (Jan. 22) Botany Bay Colony established (Jan. 26) Ratification of Constitution by New Hampshire brought the new document into force (June 21) UK founded Sierra Leone as home for freed slaves & homeless Africans from England (Aug)
Union Philosophical Society established (Aug. 31)	1789	George Washington was chosen as President by the electoral college (Feb. 4) Mutiny on H.M.S. Bounty (Apr. 28) The Tennis Court Oath in Paris (June 20) Storming of the Bastille in Paris (July 14); National Assembly took power in France; the Declaration of the Rights of Man adopted by the Assembly (Aug. 27) Bourbon whiskey first distilled (Nov. 8) First steam powered textile factories opened in Manchester Jeremy Bentham's Introduction to the Principles of Morals and Legislation published
Pennsylvania counted in the census as the most populated state with 434,373 people (Aug. 1) Samuel Blanchard How born in Burlington,  New Jersey (Oct. 14) State lottery held to raise funds for Philadelphia City Hall and Dickinson College	1790	Mozart's "Cosi Fan Tutti" debuted (Jan. 2) First "State of the Union" speech (Jan. 4) First session U.S. Supreme Court (Feb. 1) Benjamin Franklin died aged 84 (Apr. 17) Washington, D.C. founded as capital (July 16) Adam Smith died (July 17) The population of the U.S.  was about 4,000,000 by the first U.S. Census taken.  NYC had around 33,000 people (Aug. 1) Edmund Burke's Reflections on the Revolution in France published (Nov. 1) First cotton mill in US in Rhode Island (Dec. 20)  Aztec calendar stone found in Mexico City (Dec.)
James Buchanan, fifteenth president of the United States, born near Mercersburg, Pennsylvania (Apr. 23)  Belles Lettres and Union Philosophical Societies established their own libraries	1791	Tom Paine's Right of Man published in answer to Burke (Feb. - Mar.) Vermont became a state (Mar. 1) Slave revolt in French Santo Domingo (Aug.) French King and his family imprisoned (June 21) Mozart died aged 35 in Vienna (Dec. 5) The ten amendments of Bill of Rights went into effect (Dec. 15) First "one way street" in US, in NYC (Dec. 17)
Samuel Mitchell was named the first professor of agriculture in America at Columbia College (July 9) Students graduated by Board of Trustees mandamus	1792	Mary Wollstonecraft's Vindication of the Rights of Women published (Jan.) U.S. Post Office founded (Feb. 20) Gioachino Rossini was born (Feb. 29) First U.S. mint established (Apr. 2) First Presidential veto cast (Apr. 5) Claude-Joseph Rouget de Lisle composed "La Marseillaise" (Apr. 24) Nicolas Jacques Pelletier, French highwayman, first person executed by the guillotine (Apr. 24) U.S. Stock Exchange founded (May 17) Kentucky became a U.S. state (June 1) Percy Shelley born (Aug. 4) French Republic declared (Sep. 21) Denmark the first country to abolish slave trade Republican and Federalist parties formed in U.S. William Murdock developed coal gas lighting, installing it in his Cornwall home
Nisbet moved from barracks to house in town	1793	Louis XIV executed in Paris (Jan. 21), followed Oct. 16 by his wife Marie Antoinette Britain & France at war (Feb. 1) Volcanic eruption in Japan killed 53,000 (Apr.) Whitney applied to patent cotton gin (June 20) Metric system adopted in France (Aug. 1) "Reign of Terror" began in Paris (Sep. 5)) U.S. Capitol building begun (Sep. 18) Louvre in Paris opened to public (Nov. 8)
Whiskey Rebellion; General Washington assembled his forces in Carlisle (Oct.) William Irvine replaced John Armstrong as President Pro Tem of the Board of Trustees	1794	United States Navy established (Mar. 27) First trade union in US - shoemakers  (May 1) Antoine Lavoisier, father of modern chemistry, went to the guillotine in Paris (May 5) Robespierre overthrown and the Reign of Terror ended in France (July 27) Whiskey Rebellion began in western Pennsylvania (Aug.) Battle of Fallen Timbers in Ohio (Aug. 20) Burns published "Auld Lang Syne"
University of North Carolina opened as first state university (Feb. 13)  John Armstrong died (Mar. 9) Roger Brooke Taney graduated as valedictorian Rules and Regulations printed John Montgomery replaced William Irvine as President Pro Tem of the Board of Trustees	1795	U.S. Post Office founded (May 9) The Marseillaise was  adopted officially as the French national anthem (May 10) Goya's Duchess of Alba completed (Sep.) British forces captured Capetown in South Africa (Sep. 16) Poland partitioned again (Oct. 24) United States and Spain signed the Treaty of San Lorenzo - "Pinkney's Treaty" (Oct. 27) John Keats born in London (Oct. 31) Thomas Carlyle born (Dec. 5) Directory took power in France
Students first divided into classes (Freshman, Junior, and Senior)	1796	First known elephant arrived in US (Apr. 13) Napoleon occupied Venice (May 12) Jenner introduced smallpox vaccination (May 14) In the US, Tennessee became a state (June 1) State Department issued first US passport (July 8) President Washington's Farewell Address was published (Sep. 17) John Adams elected 2nd U.S.  president (Nov. 2)
John Montgomery took over as Treasurer	1797	First top hat worn, in London (Jan. 15) British captured Trinidad (Feb. 21) Earthquake in Quito, Ecuador - 41,000 died (Feb)  William Blount of Tennessee became first US senator expelled by impeachment (July 8) Edmund Burke died (July 9) Mary Wollestonecraft died (Sep. 10) France & Austria signed peace treaty; Napoleon returned to Paris (Oct. 17) Haydn's "Emperor" Quartet  premiered
Students demanded single year curriculum from Trustees, which was granted (Nov. 7)	1798	Coleridge finished his "Rime of the Ancient Mariner" and read it to Wordsworth (Mar. 23)  Switzerland formed a republic (Mar. 28) Giacomo Casanova died in Bohemia (June 4)  Napoleon seized Malta (June 10) and then Egypt after Battle of Pyramids (July 21) Thomas Malthus published his Essay on the Principles of Population (June) The four Alien and Sedition Acts passed through US Congress (June-July) US abrogated its first treaties  - those with France in 1778 (July 7) Coleridge & Wordsworth published part one of Lyrical Ballads (Sep. 18)
Cornerstone laid for "New College" (June 20)	1799	New York State abolished slavery (Mar. 28) Honoré de Balzac was born (May 20) The Rosetta Stone found in Egypt (Aug.) George Washington died (Dec. 14) Church Missionary Society founded in London Napoleon returned from Egypt and seized power as Consul (Nov. 9)
Congress passed a bill to establish the Library of Congress, appropriating $5,000 for books (Apr.)	1800	John Brown born in Connecticut (May 9) White House completed in Washington (June 4) Thomas Babington Macaulay born (Oct. 25) Napoleon began to draw up the Civil Code New York City had around 60,000 people Sir Humphrey Davy first produced electric light